xPropaganda are the brainchild of ex Propaganda members Claudia Brücken and Susanne Freytag, and producer Stephen Lipson. Formed originally as a trio in Dusseldorf, West Germany in 1982, Propaganda emerged from that city’s thriving post-punk avant-garde music and arts scenes. Founding members included vocalist Susanne Freytag, established industrial musician Ralf Dörper and visual artist Andreas Thein, later expanding to a five-piece with the addition of classically trained musician Michael Mertens and a second vocalist also from the Dusseldorf scene, Claudia Brücken.